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Zoonotic disease reference manual

Zoonotic disease reference manual

For veterinary practitioners

Section 1. Notifiable diseases and regulations and laws pertaining to animals

  • Reportable to Washington State Veterinarian
    Any veterinarian or veterinary laboratory must report to the Office of the State Veterinarian any of the diseases listed.

    Reports may be faxed to 360-902-2087 or sent to:

    Washington State Department of Agriculture
    Animal Services Division
    1111 Washington Street S.E.
    P.O. Box 42577
    Olympia, Washington 98504-2577

  • Notifiable to Washington State Dept. of Health
    Notifiable Conditions & the Veterinarian

    For any suspected human case or outbreak of a notifiable condition based on the human’s exposure to a confirmed animal case, call Public Health - Seattle & King County Communicable Disease Epidemiology at 206-296-4774.

  • Rabies: Suspected human cases or exposures, or animal cases, are notifiable
  • For suspected animal exposures to rabies, or suspected animal cases of rabies, call Public Health Communicable Disease Epidemiology at 206-296-4774. For more information on rabies, visit Animal bites and rabies and Bats and rabies.

  • Canine influenza virus (CIV) case report form (PDF)
  • Canine leptospirosis reporting (PDF)
    In King County, fax the completed form along with leptospirosis serovars results to the Office of the Public Health Veterinarian at 206-296-0189.

Service animals are defined as dogs that are individually trained to do work or perform tasks for people with disabilities.

Dangerous animals prohibited by King County

  • Venomous species of snakes capable of inflicting serious physical harm or death to human beings;
  • Nonhuman primates and prosimians;
  • Bears;
  • Non-domesticated species of felines;
  • Non-domesticated species of canines and their hybrids, including wolf and coyote hybrids; and
  • The order Crocodylia, including alligators, crocodiles, caimans and gavials King County Code Title 11 (Animal Control), Chapter 11.28 Exotic Animals (Updated Aug 5, 2015)

  • Wildlife control operators in Washington state

  • Report sick or dead birds in a poultry flock to WA Department of Agriculture:
    WSDA Sick Bird hotline: 1-800-606-3056 (poultry includes chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese).

  • Many wildlife observations can be reported to the Washington State Department of Fish & Wildlife. For some of the more common reporting, see below:

    • Reporting injured wildlife
      All native wild birds, mammals, reptiles and amphibians are protected by Washington State laws and regulations. There is almost never a time that you should remove a baby wild animal from its natural environment. Report all injured wildlife to King County rehabilitation centers permitted by WA Fish and Wildlife:

      • PAWS Wildlife Center
        15305 44th Ave W
        Lynnwood, WA 98046
        425-412-4040
        Notes: All species including large carnivores

      • Featherhaven – Re: Kelley Ward
        Enumclaw, WA 98022
        253-350-5792

        Notes: songbirds only

    • Report die-offs in wild birds
      • Single sick or dead raptors (eagles, hawks, owls)
      • Birds that may have been poisoned or poached

    • Report sick/dead bats or groups of bats

Liability immunity exists for veterinarians who report suspected animal cruelty in good faith and in the normal course of business: RCW 16.52.330

King County Board of Health Title 8: Zoonotic Disease Prevention
Contains chapters regarding Pet Business Regulations, Rabies, and Rodent Control

Section 2. Infection control

Infection control on livestock production facilities and in veterinary practices protects animal and human health by establishing disease prevention practices. These principles prevent the spread of endemic diseases as well as zoonotic and foreign animal diseases.

Section 3. Disaster preparedness for veterinarians

Animals are impacted by the same disasters and emergencies as humans. Whether it's a flood or an earthquake, a chemical leak or an act of terrorism, veterinarians are critical to response and recovery efforts during and after disasters. Preparation is important to limit the impact of disasters.

  • WSDA Reserve Vet Corp
    The Mission of WSDA’s Reserve Veterinary Corps (RVC) is to assist the WSDA Animal Health Program in the event of a livestock or companion animal health emergency such as a Foreign Animal Disease (FAD) outbreak or a natural disaster. Members may assist with animal care and treatment, evacuation, vaccination, specimen collection, decontamination, euthanasia, necropsy, collection of epidemiological information, as well as public education and outreach. The RVC program provides the training and credentials to veterinarians to provide support in an animal and/or public health emergency response. For more information: mbuswell@agr.wa.gov or 360-902-1889.

Section 4. Zoonotic and vector-borne diseases

Approximately 75% of recently emerging infectious diseases affecting humans are diseases of animal origin, and approximately 60% of all human pathogens are zoonotic. Some zoonotic diseases are transmitted directly from animals to people, some result from contamination of the environment by animals, and others require a vector such a tick or mosquito. Examples of zoonotic diseases include:

  • Bacterial - Salmonella, E. coli, leptospirosis
  • Viral -  Rabies, avian influenza
  • Fungal - Ringworm, sporotrichosis
  • Parasitic - Toxoplasmosis, larval migrans due to roundworms
  • Vector-borne
    • West Nile virus, spread by mosquitoes
    • Lyme disease, spread by ticks

Important state agency resources

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